NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every living cell, where it plays a central role in converting food into usable cellular energy. NAD+ levels are known to decline with age, which has made it a major focus of research into cellular aging and mitochondrial function, the energy-producing structures inside cells.
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a coenzyme found widely in nature. It acts as an electron carrier in redox reactions, cycling between NAD+ and NADH, and it is a cofactor or substrate for enzyme families such as the sirtuins and PARPs. It is a small molecule rather than a peptide, so it has no amino-acid sequence.
Also known as: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, Nadide, Coenzyme I, β-NAD+.
Read more in the Research Library: NAD+: a research overview.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.
NAD+ is composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5′-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5′-phosphate by a pyrophosphate linkage. It is also known as nadide, coenzyme I, cozymase I and diphosphopyridine nucleotide.
It is used extensively in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle of cellular respiration, and it is consumed by several enzyme families, including sirtuins, PARPs and NAD+ glycohydrolases such as CD38.
A large body of literature examines how NAD+ levels and NAD+ metabolism change with age in model organisms. Much remains to be learned about the mechanisms involved in humans. The NAD+ supplied here has not been evaluated by the FDA.
Reviews NAD+ as a coenzyme for redox reactions central to energy metabolism, and as a cofactor or substrate for enzymes involved in DNA repair, chromatin regulation and other cellular processes. Notes that tissue NAD+ levels are reported to decline with age in several model organisms, and that much remains unknown about the effects of restoring them.
Covarrubias AJ et al., Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 2021 PubMedReviews how NAD+ metabolism links cellular energy status to signaling and gene regulation, including the enzyme families that consume NAD+ (sirtuins, PARPs and cyclic ADP-ribose synthases).
Cantó C, Menzies KJ, Auwerx J, Cell Metab, 2015 PubMedReview article on NAD+ in aging, metabolism and neurodegeneration.
Verdin E, Science, 2015;350:1208–1213 PubMedSummaries describe what each cited paper reports in its own model system. They are not claims about the effects of this product.
For laboratory research use only. Not for human or veterinary use.
| Compound | NAD+ |
|---|---|
| Class | Dinucleotide coenzyme (a small molecule, not a peptide) |
| Molecular formula | C21H27N7O14P2 |
| Molecular weight | 663.4 g/mol |
| CAS number | 53-84-9 |
| Form | Lyophilized powder |
| Purity | Third-party tested — see the COA for this batch’s full report |
| Amount per vial | 500 mg, 1000 mg |
| Batch | ND-401 |
| Certificate of analysis | View the COA (PDF) |